Piston ring



Oct. 21, 1924. 1512.746

W. E. CO HAGAN PISTON RING Filed April 23 1923 g1wenkoz yam.

Patented Get. 21, 1924.

WILLIAM E. CO HAGAN, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

PISTON nine- Application filed Apri123, 1923.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM E. Co

:HAGAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Denver, the city and county of Denver and State of Colorado, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Piston Rings; and I do declare the. following to be a full, clear, and exact description I of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the characters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to piston rings of the type disclosed and claimed in Patent No. 1,385,508, granted to Lou J. Trembley on the 26th day of July, 1921. r g

It is the object of this invention to obtain a better and more perfect seal between the piston ring and the piston than can be ob tained by the arrangement shown and claimed in the patent referred to.

I have found that in order to obtain the best possible sealing action between the ring and the piston, it is necessary to make the inner surface of the ring in the shape of a W and to make the width of the ring slightly less than the width of the slot in the piston so that the ring has a slight longitudinal movementon the piston as the latter reverses its direction of travel. The cork seal is formed into such a cross-sectional shape that it fits into the channels in .the -W-shaped inner surface of the ring and is slightly wider than the ring groove so as to be slightly compressed when it is put into the same. The cork will therefore remain sta tionary and the ring will be permitted to move slightly, which results in a double seal in both directions of travel of the piston in a manner which'will hereinafter be described, reference being had for this purpose to the accompanying drawing in which my improved ring has been illustrated, and in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a piston showing the rings in place thereon.

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of'the piston looking in the direction of the arrow 2 in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 shows the relative location of the parts when the piston travels downwardly; and

Serial No. 633,913.

Fig. 41 shows the relative location of the parts during the upstroke of the piston.

The same reference numbers will be used to designate the same parts throughout the several views.

The numeral 5 represents a piston which is providedwith a number of grooves 6 for the reception of piston rings. In the bottom of each groove there is a corkpacking 7 which is preferably treated and formed into the desired shape in accordance with the method described and claimed by me in my Patent'No. 1,439,869, granted to me on the 26th day of December, 1922. 'The cork packing 7 is first made into strips which have one flat side which fits against the bottomof the groove and the other side madefwith' two parallel longitudinal projections 8 which cooperate with the grooves in the inner surface of the ring 9 in the manner shown in Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawing. The rings 9 differ from the ordinary piston ring in this, that the inner surface has two V-shaped grooves extending parallel with the edges of the ring. These grooves are so cut that the central rib 10 is nearer to the outer surface of the ring than the outer edges 11. This makes the inner side have the shape of a capital W. The inclined sides of the inner surface of the ring cooperate with the correspondingly inclined sides of the cork packing. As has been already pointed out above, the ring 9 is slightly narrower than the slot and therefore when the piston moves downwardly, as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 3 the friction between the ring and the sides of the cylinder will cause the ring to move upwardly relative to the piston, until it contacts with the upper side of the groove. This will cause the sides of the W, which are designated by numerals l2 and 13, to contact with the corresponding cooperating sides of the cork gasket to form a double seal. lVhen the piston moves upwardly in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 4, the frice tion between the cylinder and the ring will cause the latter to move downwardly relative to the piston until it comes into contact with the lower side of the groove. Sides marked 14 and 15 will now contact with the corresponding sides of the cork packing, all as shown in Fig. 1. It will therefore appear that sides 12, 13 and 14, 15 alternately form the seals which it will be noted are double.

would not If the ring 9 were as Wide as the groove, there could be no endvvise movement and therefore when the cork gasket slightly as it will alter some time, the seal be as perfect as it should be, While if the ring is narrower, it permits the slight movement referred to above which causes a perfect double seal, even if the gasket snrl'aoe and the inner surface of the ring Would not do so if the ring were stationary, The arrangement of the ring, piston and packing described above, prevents oil from being pumped into the rombus on chambe and stops the fouling, of the spark plugs. 1t also prevents gas from passing down into the crank case which would cause the oil to come thinned. 'Ehe po e of the engine s increased because there is Substantially no compression loss-and thisnatu-rally cleere s s the "consumption of gasoline.

:Haying now described my invention, what I elaim as new is:

,1. A piston acking composed o an ou er expansion metallic ring and inner layer ofzeork, the inner surface .013 the piston ring having a central ridge adapted to penetrate the. cork and. an inwardly pro eetrng r 1c lge on each-.sidezo-f said central ridge.

:2. A piston ring Whose cross-section is such that the outer curved surface and the sides are formed by straight lines lemming three sides of alreotangle, the fourth side of which is formed by four short sides :arranged at wrangle With each other and with the sides so as ;to form three inwardly [projeetin ridges. 7

f3. fiincombination apiston having piston ring grooms, a. piston "ring in each. groove, a cork epacki-ng ring in the bottom of the rise g o e p tes r groove, the adjacent surfaces of the ring and packing being formed by four annular surce engu e y re to sash other;

In e mb r iq pie e a ing pi n ring grooves, a piston ring in each groove, a cork packing ring In the bottom of the groove, the adjacent snrfaces of the ring and packing being formed by four annular surfaces angularly related to each other in such that an inw y p j g ridge is formed on the ring midway sides. 7

In ombinati n a piston having pisto 9e, es, 2. pi ton is sash gr ove; 1 ing ring in the 1 9; 1" 1 the er s he i sst-. 1 llfi$ 07. he in nd P; king i li es by few nnu efs ree ly ma ed t @6111 other in .js leh a ha inw nd y preie t ag ri ge i iosmed on he 1 .nlii aybe e sid s, the sides oi rings? ri -lllag- 1 1 wa ridged? beyond the t en- 11 9 1 hi 1.&ti9n,a 1 to}; having pis on Said t es being o s'li groo es s9 Leis- Q -1 ersemeve ae toft or seeking ing he l t m sash groove, Said P k ng r ng me 51 the s m width s he ig-noev so "tha will rema tat onery w hre pee te thes owe the ja en surf ce 'o fitlxe pist n ring hack e-g r ng eingi med y i nnular rf s ngwls i y r lated t teah Other in such a ma ner tha Inwariii y aliena i g is i tor ed .on th piston her een the side In testimony whe ebila fixm sit ari with between the 

